wallis



3 SheetsSheet 1".

(No Model.)

J. E. WALLIS. ROAD MACHINE.

No. 494,909. Patented Apr. 4, 1893.

3 Sheets-$heet 2.

J. E. WALLIS.

N0 Model.)

ROAD MACHINE.

3, Sheets-Sheet 3'.

(No Model.)

J. E. WALLIS.

ROAD MACHINE.

No. 494,909. Patented'Apr. 4, 1893.'

.Zhrrezzio): Mar/Z7726 77522293",

Unitas 'lA'lES .ionnuunnsr WALLIS, or BASINGSTOKE, ENGLAND.

ROAD MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 494,909, dated April 4,1893.

Application filed August 23,

a subject of the Queen of England, residingat Erdesley, Basingstoke, inthe county of lIants, England, have invented an Improvement inRoad-Machines,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a machine for picking and loosening the surfacesof roads wherein one or more picks or picking tools is or are made tooperate by a reciprocating percussive action upon the surface of theroad so as to penetrate to a sufficient extent into the same to break itup. The said tools are for this purpose arranged to be alternatelyraised and dropped or forced downward by steam or other power actingupon pistons or lever arms to which the tools are attached or the toolsare placed so as to receive the stroke from such pistons or lever arms.When several tools are employed, they may be actuated eitherconsecutively or simultaneously.

The said apparatus can either be combined with an ordinary road engineor steam roller,

the steam from which is made to actuate the picks or picking tools, orthe apparatus can be mounted by itself on wheels and be worked either bysteam from a boiler on the vehicle, or by a motion derived by gearingfrom the road wheels.

From the above it will be seen that the said machine can be constructedin a variety of ways for carrying out the purposes of the invention; byway of example I will describe some of the arrangements which I preferto employ, for which purpose I will refer to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a side elevation of one arrangement, as applied to asteam roller. Fig. 2 shows a front view of the picking apparatus thecylinders and the pickin tools being viewed in the direction a Fig. f,and the foot of the cylinder casting B in the direction I). Fig. 3 is adetail side view showing a modification of my invention. Fig. 4 is adetail end elevation, and Fig. 5 is a detail side elevation showinganother modification.

To the side or end of asteam roller or road engine A of any knownconstruction is fixed by a foot B a casting B constituting three steamcylinders arranged side by side, and

1892. sennuolnasm. (NomodeL) each containing a piston O, the piston rodD of which carries at its lower end the picking tool E. a head F keyedon it whichslides on a guide G fixed to the cylinder and to which ispivoted a socket piece II in which is secured the picking tool E.

The socket piece H is connected to the head F by a pin I the head beingmade to fit with a semicircular end surface against a correspondinghollow of the socket piece H so'that the shock of impact in operating istaken by these surfaces and not by the pin I. The hollow of the socketpiece also bears with a straight side against the one straight side ofthe head F, while the other side of the socket piece is open. It is heldwith the straight side abutting against the head by means of a spring Jconnecting the two parts as shown. When in this position the center lineof the picking tool E is by preference made to form a small inward anglewith the center line of the piston red, as shown, for a purpose to bepresently stated.

I Steam is supplied to the slide chestof the cylinders B by a pipe K,and is admitted to the cylinders by ordinary slide valves L, actuated byelbow levers M pivoted to the guide G the cranked short arm of whichlever is connected to the slide rod, whilethe long arm is slotted, andengages with a stud N- on the head F of the piston rod, so that by thereciprocating motion of the latter avibrating motion is imparted to thelever M, causing the slide valve to be moved so' as to alter-v natelyadmit steam on either side of the pis- The piston rod has forthispurpose ton, and thus to effect the reciprocating motion of the pickingtool so that on this being propelled downward by the steam pressure itis caused to penetrate to a certain extentinto the road surface. Owingto the before mentioned slightly angular position of the picking tool Erelatively to the piston rod, it will be seen that as the-steam rolleradvances with the apparatus in thedirection of the arrow, the toolholder H will not be liable to give way at its pivot I when the toolstrikes the ground, as it might do if the tool were in line with thepiston rod, thereby preventing effective penetration. After being driveninto the ground by the percussive action, the tool 2 eegeoe and socketwill turn on the center pin I firstly into the position in line with thepiston rod, and then in being dragged along, it will turn still fartheron its pin and will operate with a-certain leverage upon the ground infront of it so as to break it up. ()n being withdrawn by the upstroke ofthe piston, the tool E will at once be drawn back into its originalposition by the spring J.

The tool E is secured in its holder 11 by means of two loops X X in anopen groove of the holder through which loops it passes. The loops areconnected togetherby a bar X and they are formed on screw bolts X thatpass through the holder II and are provided with nuts as shown so thatby screwing these up, the loops will nip the tool tightly in the grooveof the holder, the end of the tool being made to butt against the end ofthe groove, with or without the intervention of packing pieces foradjustment.

When the apparatus is not in use the pistons and their picks are held intheraised position by means of lever arms 0 pivoted at O to the guides Gthrough slots in which they are made to project underneath the end ofthe head F by means of a forked screw rod Z carried by brackets B on thecylinders as shown. Then the apparatus is to be set to work, the lovers0 are moved downward by the rod Z until they are out of the groove ofthe guide bar in which the head F works. The exhaust from the steamcylinders is led from the exhaust chamber P through a pipe Q to thesmoke box of the boiler. The angle at which the cylinders and picks are.shown inclined to the ground line is that which has been found to bemost advantageous; they may however be inclined at other angles, or theymay even be arranged vertically. The steam cylinders might also be madesingle acting, raising the piston against the action of a helicalspringinterposed between the end of the cylinder and the piston rodhead, which spring would then effect the working downstroke.

It will be evident that various other arrangements of valves may be usedfor Working the steam cylinders.

Fig. 3 shows a side view and Fig. 4 a part front view of an arrangementin which the picks E are carried at the ends of lovers or arms R pivotedat R to an inclined frame S the lower end of which is carried by roadwheels S while the upper end is pivoted at S to the engine framing A. Onthe frame S is mounted a shaft T carrying cams T and receiving rotarymotion from the engine gearing by pulleys and belt or pitch wheels andchain U U U The cams'l" in revolving act on lugs R on the lovers R so asto raise these together with the picks into the dotted position shown atFig. 3; on the cams leaving the lugs, the lever arms with the picks falldown and penetrate the road surface as shown, the force of the downwardmotion being increased either by a weight Vas at l igsi3 and 4or by aspring V as at Fig. 5. The lever arms R are guided in their motion byguides IV fixed to the frame S, and when not in use they are held in thedotted raised position by suspending them from eyes W" on the top bar ofthe guides.

The above described arrangement of the picks or picking tools might alsobe carried on a single vehicle the road wheels of which would impart therequisite rotary motion to the cams T by pitch wheels and chain or othersuitable gearing.

Having thus described the nature of my invention and the best means Iknow for carrying the same in practical effect, I claim 1. A machine forpecking or loosening the surface of roads and similar hard surfacesconsisting of one or .more peeks or picking tools operated by thepistons of fluid pressure cylinders or equivalent means so as to actpercussively or with blows upon the said surface, the said pecks orpicking tools being jointed and free to turn on a pivot at right anglesto their axes and mounted on wheels so as to travel over the road whilethey operate thereon, substantially as described.

2. In a machine for pecking or loosening the surface of roads, andsimilar hard surfaces the combination of a peck E pivoted to a head onthe piston rod D of a cylinder 0 worked by fluid pressure, a spring Jtending to hold the peck E against a stop on the head F, a guide G forguiding the piston rod head F and peck E in their motion, a slottedlever M actuated by a stud on the head F and controlling the slide valveL of the cylinder 0, and a vehicle A carrying a supply of fluidpressure, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, this 12th day of August, A. D.1892.

J OIIN ERNEST l/VALLIS.

Witnesses:

CHARLES D. ABEL, Chartered Patent Agent, 28 Southampton Buildings,London, W'. C.

J NO. 1.. M. MILLARD, Clerk to Messrs. Abel ch Immy, ConsultingEngineers and Patent Agents, 28 Southampton Buildings, London, W. O.

